Analgesia de parto : bloqueio combinado raqui-peridural versus bloquei peridural continuo em primigestas
Marcio Antonio de Souza
TESE
Português
T/UNICAMP So89a
[Labor analgesia]
Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2009.
91 f. : il.
Orientador: João Luiz de Carvalho Pinto e Silva
Dissertação ( mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Resumo: JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O trabalho de parto produz desconforto e dor intensa à maioria das parturientes. O método de eleição que seria ideal para produzir analgesia deveria reduzir ao máximo os inconvenientes e a dor provocados pelo trabalho de parto, permitindo que a mãe participasse...
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Resumo: JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O trabalho de parto produz desconforto e dor intensa à maioria das parturientes. O método de eleição que seria ideal para produzir analgesia deveria reduzir ao máximo os inconvenientes e a dor provocados pelo trabalho de parto, permitindo que a mãe participasse ativamente e com prazer da experiência de dar à luz. A analgesia combinada raqui-peridural (ACRP) apresentaria, como vantagens, a possibilidade de instalação precoce, rápido início de ação analgésica, uso de baixas doses de anestésicos locais, associando-se a trabalhos de partos mais curtos, menor bloqueio motor e ofereceria maior satisfação à parturiente. A analgesia peridural contínua (APC) utilizaria doses maiores de anestésicos locais, produzindo maior bloqueio motor, mas deveria ser realizada em fases mais adiantadas do período de dilatação. O potencial atrativo da ACRP seria o de incorporar as vantagens da administração intratecal de fármacos de ação analgésica rápida, com a manutenção de acesso através de um cateter peridural, disponível continuamente para complementação com novas doses ou adição de outras drogas, minimizando as desvantagens apresentadas por ambas as técnicas. O estudo compara os desfechos maternos e perinatais com a utilização da ACRP e APC em parturientes primigestas. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS Foi realizado um ensaio clínico aleatorizado com 128 gestantes primigestas em trabalho de parto, divididas em dois grupos de igual tamanho (grupo APC e grupo ACRP) admitidas no pré-parto de duas maternidades na cidade de Jundiaí - SP, sendo estudadas as seguintes variáveis: tempo de latência de instalação da analgesia, intensidade da dor ao longo da analgesia, tempo total decorrido até a completa dilatação do colo uterino, Índice de Apgar de primeiro e quinto minutos, tempo de resolução do parto, grau de bloqueio motor, efeitos adversos como náuseas, vômitos, prurido, hipotensão arterial e o grau de satisfação materna. ANÁLISE DOS DADOS: A análise dos dados foi feita através do teste de Mann-Whitney para as variáveis contínuas não paramétricas. Utilizou-se também teste exato de Fisher e teste qui-quadrado de Pearson para variáveis categóricas. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças entre os grupos em relação à velocidade de dilatação cervical, tempo para resolução do parto, parâmetros hemodinâmicos maternos, vitalidade do recémnascido, complementações analgésicas durante o trabalho de parto e parto. Ocorreu maior rapidez de instalação da analgesia no grupo da ACRP. Com relação ao bloqueio motor também se observou diferença estatística significativa entre os dois grupos, sendo menor no grupo de APC. CONCLUSÕES: As duas técnicas mostraram-se seguras e eficientes, porém a ACRP ofereceu uma analgesia mais rápida, com alívio mais precoce da dor. O bloqueio motor menos intenso no grupo APC proporcionou movimentação mais ativa no leito e uma colaboração mais efetiva das gestantes durante o período expulsivo. A grande maioria das mulheres (97,6%) referiu satisfação com a analgesia recebida. As doses de anestésicos locais e opióides utilizadas em ambas as técnicas analgésicas propostas não produziram efeitos adversos maternos significativos e tampouco alteraram a vitalidade dos recém-nascidos dos dois grupos. Ambas as técnicas não mostraram qualquer predomínio de efeitos adversos
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Abstract: PROBLEM AND OBJECTIVES: The childbirth arouses distress and intense pain to most of the parturients. The ideal method of producing analgesia must reduce the labor's pain and inconveniences to the utmost level, allowing the mother to participate on the delivery experience in an active and...
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Abstract: PROBLEM AND OBJECTIVES: The childbirth arouses distress and intense pain to most of the parturients. The ideal method of producing analgesia must reduce the labor's pain and inconveniences to the utmost level, allowing the mother to participate on the delivery experience in an active and pleasant manner. The Combined Spinal-Epidural (CSE) analgesia offers the advantages of an early insertion, fast onset of analgesia, small dose of local anesthetic and reduced degree of motor block, being thus associated to short-time labors and yielding greater satisfaction to the puerpera. Otherwise, the Continuous Epidural Analgesia (CEA) would require larger doses of local anesthetics and a larger motor block as well, but it would be applied only in advanced stages of dilatation. The CSE
analgesia has an attractive prospect, since it incorporates the advantages of the intrathecal administration of rapid onset pharmaceuticals, preserving this access through an epidural catheter that is uninterruptedly available for the insertion of other drugs and, at the same time, reducing the disadvantages that these both anesthesia techniques present. This study compares the combined spinal-epidural analgesia with the continuous epidural analgesia in primiparous parturients, through maternal and perinatal outcomes. APPROACH AND METHOD: 128 primiparous parturients in labor were recruited for the study. They were separated into two equal groups (CEA group and CSE group) when they applied to two of the maternity hospitals in Jundiaí city, during the pre-labor stage. A random clinical rehearsal was accomplished and the following variables were analyzed: latency time for the analgesia onset, pain intensity after its onset, total time elapsed until the complete cervical dilation, Apgar Index at the 1st and 5th minutes, time for delivery conclusion, degree of motor block, level of sensitive block, adverse effects (such as nausea, vomiting, pruritus and arterial hypotension) and degree of motherly approval. Data Analysis: The analysis was performed through the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test for continuous variables. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-square test were also employed. RESULTS: Concerning the compared variables on the speed of cervical dilation, time for delivery conclusion, maternal hemodynamic parameters, newborn's healthiness, complementary analgesia during labor and labor, there were no significant statistic differences between the two groups studied. However, the CSE group had a faster analgesia insertion. In relation to the motor block, a significant statistic difference was detected between the two groups, revealing a reduced motor block in the group that received the CEA. CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques were proved as safe and efficient, though the CSE analgesia offered a faster analgesia and sooner pain relief. Due to a less intense motor block, the parturients from the CEA group were able to accomplish an active movement and effective collaboration during the expulsion stage. The major part of the women (95,4%) expressed satisfaction with the analgesia that was applied. The doses of local anesthetics and opioids, contained in both analgesia techniques, did not cause considerable adverse effects on the mothers and did not either affect the newborns in any of the two groups Ver menos
analgesia has an attractive prospect, since it incorporates the advantages of the intrathecal administration of rapid onset pharmaceuticals, preserving this access through an epidural catheter that is uninterruptedly available for the insertion of other drugs and, at the same time, reducing the disadvantages that these both anesthesia techniques present. This study compares the combined spinal-epidural analgesia with the continuous epidural analgesia in primiparous parturients, through maternal and perinatal outcomes. APPROACH AND METHOD: 128 primiparous parturients in labor were recruited for the study. They were separated into two equal groups (CEA group and CSE group) when they applied to two of the maternity hospitals in Jundiaí city, during the pre-labor stage. A random clinical rehearsal was accomplished and the following variables were analyzed: latency time for the analgesia onset, pain intensity after its onset, total time elapsed until the complete cervical dilation, Apgar Index at the 1st and 5th minutes, time for delivery conclusion, degree of motor block, level of sensitive block, adverse effects (such as nausea, vomiting, pruritus and arterial hypotension) and degree of motherly approval. Data Analysis: The analysis was performed through the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test for continuous variables. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-square test were also employed. RESULTS: Concerning the compared variables on the speed of cervical dilation, time for delivery conclusion, maternal hemodynamic parameters, newborn's healthiness, complementary analgesia during labor and labor, there were no significant statistic differences between the two groups studied. However, the CSE group had a faster analgesia insertion. In relation to the motor block, a significant statistic difference was detected between the two groups, revealing a reduced motor block in the group that received the CEA. CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques were proved as safe and efficient, though the CSE analgesia offered a faster analgesia and sooner pain relief. Due to a less intense motor block, the parturients from the CEA group were able to accomplish an active movement and effective collaboration during the expulsion stage. The major part of the women (95,4%) expressed satisfaction with the analgesia that was applied. The doses of local anesthetics and opioids, contained in both analgesia techniques, did not cause considerable adverse effects on the mothers and did not either affect the newborns in any of the two groups Ver menos
Analgesia de parto : bloqueio combinado raqui-peridural versus bloquei peridural continuo em primigestas
Marcio Antonio de Souza
Analgesia de parto : bloqueio combinado raqui-peridural versus bloquei peridural continuo em primigestas
Marcio Antonio de Souza
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