Memorias de um sertão desencantado : (modernização agricola, narrativas e atores sociais nos cerrados do sudoeste piauiense)
Maria Dione de Carvalho Moraes
TESE
Português
T/UNICAMP M791m
Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2000.
481 p. : il.
Orientador: Mauro William Barbosa de Almeida
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Resumo: Nos anos 70, novas áreas no Centro-Sul do Brasil começam a ser incoq:>oradas à estrutura produtiva do agribusiness de carnes e grãos, em um processo que avança nos anos 80 até a re~ão Nordeste, e mais especificamente rumo ao sudoeste do Estado do Piauí. Esse processo de incorporação...
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Resumo: Nos anos 70, novas áreas no Centro-Sul do Brasil começam a ser incoq:>oradas à estrutura produtiva do agribusiness de carnes e grãos, em um processo que avança nos anos 80 até a re~ão Nordeste, e mais especificamente rumo ao sudoeste do Estado do Piauí. Esse processo de incorporação produtiva é descrito neste estudo como o desencantamento de um sertão simbólico e a simultânea invenção dos cerrados enquanto ITonteira produtiva. O foco da análise são as narrativas da modernização agrícola que são formuladas em termos do contraste entre o sertão e os cerrados, entre passado e futuro. O prisma teórico adotado baseia-se na idéia da memória' social como fonte de conhecimento da vida social e como um campo de disputas no qual sobressaem as narrativas mestras e as narrativas eclipsadas. O conceito de narrativas mestras aplica-se aqui ao discurso hegemônico do Estado e das corporações erivadas, visto através de fontes predominantes escritas e referido ao Brasil, como um todo, ao Nordeste e, em particular, ao Piauí. As narrativas eclipsadas são vistas a partir do discurso eminentemente oral de camponeses e de seus mediadores, localizados nos cerrados do sudoeste piauiense. As narrações dominantes constituem peça fundamental, de um projeto desenvolvimentista que resultou na instituição social de uma ITonteira agrícola para o capital, através da criação de um agroecossistema baseado nas chapadas, dominado pelos interesses do agribusiness. Já as narrações obliteradas emergem como falas sobre os cerrados que trazem à tona o mundo da vida que se desenrola entre o baixão e a chapada. Assim, en~uanto as primeiras dia~osticam as chapadas como um vazio demográfico, cultural e econômico a ser desenvolvido, silenciando sobre os baixões, as narrações subalternas contribuem para uma compreensão dos cerrados como um lugar social e ecologicamente integrado, no qual tanto o baixão como as chapadas desempenham papéis humanos e ambientais. Fazem isso através de uma verdadeira anamnese do par sertão/cerrados, através da qual o passado é r~cuperado como pleno de historicidade. Essa recuperação do passado do ponto de vista dos sujeitos ameaçados é acionada para garantir a
legitimidade de seus direitos e de seus projetos de inclusão, ante a ameaça de exclusão cada vez mais definitiva que paira no presente. Esperamos que o foco na dimensão superestrutural da vida social, trazendo à tona tanto as narrativas quanto processos e atores sociais, contribua para desvendar a prática social das I?opulações dos cerrados e sua situação atual Ver menos
legitimidade de seus direitos e de seus projetos de inclusão, ante a ameaça de exclusão cada vez mais definitiva que paira no presente. Esperamos que o foco na dimensão superestrutural da vida social, trazendo à tona tanto as narrativas quanto processos e atores sociais, contribua para desvendar a prática social das I?opulações dos cerrados e sua situação atual Ver menos
Abstract: A process of new areas fast incorporation the to modem agricultural production associated to the meat and grain agribusiness started in the 70s in the Southem part of Central Brazil,
advancin~ durin~ the 80s towards the Northeast, and into the Southwest of the State of Piauí. This process... Ver mais Abstract: A process of new areas fast incorporation the to modem agricultural production associated to the meat and grain agribusiness started in the 70s in the Southem part of Central Brazil,
advancin~ durin~ the 80s towards the Northeast, and into the Southwest of the State of Piauí. This process is described in this study as the disenchantment of a symbolically defined sertão and as the invention of the cerrados as a productive frontier. The anal~sis is focused on the narratives of the agricultural modernization of the cerrados, which are phrased in terms of a contrast between a sertão plaeed in the past and the agricultural cerrados landscape depicted as the promising future. The theoretical prism adopted here is that of social memory as a source of knowled~e on social life, and also as a field of
narrative disputes from which emerge master narratives and eclipsed narratives. The concept of master narratives is here applied to the State and private corporations hegemonic discourse, which are analysed mostly through written sources refering to Brazil, as a whole, to the Northeast, and, particularl~, to Piauí. The eclipsed narratives are eminently approached through the oral discourses made by the cerrados peasants anq by members of the rural grass-root organizations, and they refer more specifically to, the Southeastem Piauí cerrados. The master narratives are the center-pieces of a developmental
project which has created an agricultural frontier for capitalism through the establishment of an agro-ecosystem dominated by the meat/grain agribusiness, based on the chapada or uplands the use. On the other hand, the obliterated narratives emer~e as conversations on the cerrados from which emerge a world of life taking place in a territory comprising the baixão valleys and the upland chapadas. Thus, while the master narratives deseribe the chapadas as demographically, culturally and economically vaiei, waiting to be developed, and ignore the baixão, subaltem narratives make a true eontribution to an understanding of the cerrados as a place which is sociologic~ly and ecologically integrated, where both baixão valleys and the chapadas uplands had social and environrnental roles. By doing so,
the ec1ipsed narratives also. contribute towards a true anamnesis of the sertão/cerrados s~bolism, from which the past is recovered fuII of meanin~ and historicity. This operation of recovering the past from the endangered ones viewpoint, has been used in order to ~arantee the legitimacy of their land rights and economic projects, facin~ the increasing exclusion danger haunting the present. We hope that the focus on the superstructures attemeted here, by bringing to light both the narratives and the social processes and actors, wiIl contribute to unveil the social practices of the cerrados rural populations and their Ver menos
advancin~ durin~ the 80s towards the Northeast, and into the Southwest of the State of Piauí. This process... Ver mais Abstract: A process of new areas fast incorporation the to modem agricultural production associated to the meat and grain agribusiness started in the 70s in the Southem part of Central Brazil,
advancin~ durin~ the 80s towards the Northeast, and into the Southwest of the State of Piauí. This process is described in this study as the disenchantment of a symbolically defined sertão and as the invention of the cerrados as a productive frontier. The anal~sis is focused on the narratives of the agricultural modernization of the cerrados, which are phrased in terms of a contrast between a sertão plaeed in the past and the agricultural cerrados landscape depicted as the promising future. The theoretical prism adopted here is that of social memory as a source of knowled~e on social life, and also as a field of
narrative disputes from which emerge master narratives and eclipsed narratives. The concept of master narratives is here applied to the State and private corporations hegemonic discourse, which are analysed mostly through written sources refering to Brazil, as a whole, to the Northeast, and, particularl~, to Piauí. The eclipsed narratives are eminently approached through the oral discourses made by the cerrados peasants anq by members of the rural grass-root organizations, and they refer more specifically to, the Southeastem Piauí cerrados. The master narratives are the center-pieces of a developmental
project which has created an agricultural frontier for capitalism through the establishment of an agro-ecosystem dominated by the meat/grain agribusiness, based on the chapada or uplands the use. On the other hand, the obliterated narratives emer~e as conversations on the cerrados from which emerge a world of life taking place in a territory comprising the baixão valleys and the upland chapadas. Thus, while the master narratives deseribe the chapadas as demographically, culturally and economically vaiei, waiting to be developed, and ignore the baixão, subaltem narratives make a true eontribution to an understanding of the cerrados as a place which is sociologic~ly and ecologically integrated, where both baixão valleys and the chapadas uplands had social and environrnental roles. By doing so,
the ec1ipsed narratives also. contribute towards a true anamnesis of the sertão/cerrados s~bolism, from which the past is recovered fuII of meanin~ and historicity. This operation of recovering the past from the endangered ones viewpoint, has been used in order to ~arantee the legitimacy of their land rights and economic projects, facin~ the increasing exclusion danger haunting the present. We hope that the focus on the superstructures attemeted here, by bringing to light both the narratives and the social processes and actors, wiIl contribute to unveil the social practices of the cerrados rural populations and their Ver menos
Almeida, Mauro William Barbosa de, 1950-
Orientador
Godoi, Emília Pietrafesa de, 1960-
Avaliador
Novaes, Regina Celia Reyes
Avaliador
Abramoway, Ricardo
Avaliador
Memorias de um sertão desencantado : (modernização agricola, narrativas e atores sociais nos cerrados do sudoeste piauiense)
Maria Dione de Carvalho Moraes
Memorias de um sertão desencantado : (modernização agricola, narrativas e atores sociais nos cerrados do sudoeste piauiense)
Maria Dione de Carvalho Moraes
Exemplares
Nº de exemplares: 2
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