Agradecimentos: The authors wish to thank Drs. Peter and Neal Graneau, James Paul Wesley, Thomas E. Phipps Jr., Domina E. Spencer, P. T. Pappas, P. G. Moyssides, Waldyr A. Rodrigues Jr., Álvaro Vannucci, Ricardo M. O. Galvão, Iberê L. Caldas, Paulo H. Sakanaka, Jorge I. Cisneros, Márcio A. de Faria Rosa, Marcelo M. Guzzo, Roberto J. M. Covolan, Guilhermo G. Cabrera Oyarzún and Edmundo Capelas de Oliveira for their ideas and suggestions. To the Institutes of Physics and Mathematics of the State University of Campinas - UNICAMP which gave us the necessary conditions to undertake this work. To CNPq for financial support (MB). This book is dedicated to Washington, Auxiliadora, Maurício, Márcio and Danieli (MB) and to André-Marie Ampère that with his brilliant experimental and theoretical work created the science of electrodynamics and whose force between current elements motivated and served as a guide to the appearance of Weber's electrodynamics (AKTA) Ver menos