Abstract: The fundamental principles of Open Science, although not new, have been recovered and expanded over time, emerging as a key paradigm for promoting greater transparency, collaboration, and access to scientific knowledge. Open Science has become a significant movement in the research world,...
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Abstract: The fundamental principles of Open Science, although not new, have been recovered and expanded over time, emerging as a key paradigm for promoting greater transparency, collaboration, and access to scientific knowledge. Open Science has become a significant movement in the research world, guided by values such as open access, knowledge reuse, and scientific integrity. However, gaps remain regarding how different institutional and national contexts influence its implementation, particularly in countries with contrasting realities, such as Brazil and Norway. This thesis comparatively investigates the adoption of Open Science at Nord University (Norway) and the University of Campinas – Unicamp (Brazil), analyzing policies, practices, and the perceptions of the academic community. The research adopts a qualitative approach based on multiple case studies, combining document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires applied to researchers, administrators, faculty members, and students. The findings reveal that, at the Norwegian university, there is a stronger alignment with technical and infrastructural standards, as well as the presence of a robust national policy related to Open Science. Nonetheless, cultural barriers and the lack of adequate institutional incentives persist. At Unicamp, a historical commitment to university outreach and open access was identified, along with the presence of institutional repositories and initiatives focused on open education. However, its consolidation remains constrained by normative gaps and limited resources. The comparative analysis between the two institutions showed that Unicamp is predominantly positioned at intermediate stages of the Cultural Change Pyramid, while Nord University is mostly situated at the initial stages of this model. Perceptions from the academic communities of both universities revealed conceptual support for Open Science, but also pointed to significant challenges, such as concerns and negative perceptions about open data, lack of training, absence of recognition, and a misalignment between traditional academic requirements and open practices. The analysis also indicated that Nord University shows greater affinity with the pragmatic school of Open Science, whereas Unicamp demonstrates stronger connections with the democratic and public schools. Neither institution, however, has established consolidated mechanisms for recognition and reward that structurally promote the full adoption of Open Science. This thesis contributes to the field by offering a comparative overview that highlights the importance of aligned institutional policies, continuous training, and incentives for scientific openness, and puts forward recommendations for the consolidation of Open Science in universities from diverse contexts
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