Abstract: Contamination of liquid fuels by water, which can be dissolved, suspended, or free, occurs due to spontaneous incorporation according to the composition of the fuel, the inherent use of water in the production processes, or by condensation and precipitation within transport and storage tanks. High water content leads to microbiological development resulting in sludge formation, compromising the functioning of machines and engines; therefore, international regulatory agencies supervise the maximum water content. Currently, incomplete or energy-intensive processes are employed to remove water from fuels. Considering the need for a new technology that can remove water in all its states, while also being versatile for both industrial and domestic applications (in-vehicle filters), hydrophilic polymeric hydrogels arise as a competitive technology for the dehydration of liquid fuels. Hydrogels used for removing water from biodiesel, diesel oil, marine diesel, and jet fuel in batch and continuous processes have been shown to meet international standard specifications with the advantage of being efficiently reused for several cycles. In this study, a review is conducted that includes the main advances in the area Ver menos