Agradecimentos: We thank Andria P.S. Silva, Beatriz Maurício, José P. Prezotto Neto, Louise F. Kimura, Rafael S. Ferro, Simone G.S. Jared, Tiago P. Vasconcelos and Vanessa A. Mendes for technical support. We also thank the financial support from CAPES, FAPESP, CNPq, and

Amphibians have many skin poison glands used in passive defense, in which the aggressor causes its own poisoning when biting prey. In some amphibians the skin glands accumulate in certain regions forming macroglands, such as the parotoids of toads. We hav

CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ

FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP

COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES

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