Agradecimentos: We thank Dr Alain Chautems and Dr Jim Solomon for providing help while visiting G and MO respectively; we also thank Dr Laurent Gautier and Laurence Loze (at G) who kindly scanned and sent us the images of many specimens, and Lorenzo Ramella (also at G) who provided type information; and the curators and staff at the herbaria cited in the text for their support and fortheloan of specimens. Finally,the authorsthankthe anonymous reviewers for their contribution and the editors, Dr Ashley Egan and Dr Daniel Murphy, for their work and attention Ver menos

Taxonomic studies of Tephrosia Pers. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Millettieae) in South America have highlighted the need to resolve some nomenclatural issues. Five new synonyms are proposed and a new species is described. Nine lectotypes of accepted names and synonyms, and one neotype, are here designated. An identification key to the taxa occurring in South America is also presented Ver menos